Information Technology for the Health Professions

<p><strong>1. An Introduction to Medical Informatics: Administrative Uses of Computers in the Medical Office<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Clinical/Medical Informatics<br>The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH), and The Health Information Technology Decade<br>The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) (2010)<br>Administrative Applications of Computer Technology in the Medical Office<br>The Patient Information Form<br>The Paper Medical Record<br>The Electronic Medical Record<br>The Personal Health Record<br>The Electronic Health Record<br>The eHealth Exchange<br>The EHR and Big Data Analytics<br>Computer Information Systems in Health Care<br>Medical Office Administrative Software: An Overview<br> Coding and Grouping<br>Scheduling<br>Accounting<br>Insurance<br> Claims<br>Accounting Reports<br>Does Computerization Improve Patient Outcomes?<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br><strong>2. Telemedicine<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Overview<br>Store-and-Forward Technology and Interactive Videoconferencing<br>Teleradiology<br>Telepathology<br>Teledermatology<br>Telecardiology<br>Teleneurology<br> Telestroke<br> Epilepsy<br> Parkinson's Disease<br> E-mail and Digital Cameras in Teleneurology<br>Telepsychiatry<br>Remote Monitoring Devices<br>Telewound Care<br>Telehome Care<br>Telemedicine in Prison<br>Other Telemedicine Applications<br>The Telenurse<br>Smartphones and Tablet Computers<br>Is Telemedicine Effective?<br>Issues in Telemedicine<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br>Related Websites<br><strong>3. Information Technology in Public Health<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Introduction<br> Definition<br> Social Inequality, Poverty, and Health<br>Using Computers to Study Disease<br>Statistics and Epidemics: A Historical Overview<br>The Emergence of Diseases in the Late 20th and Early 21st Centuries<br> AIDS<br> SARS<br> Ebola Virus<br> Antibiotic Resistance<br> MRSA<br> CRKP<br> NDM-1<br> Vector-Borne Diseases<br> West Nile Virus<br> Zika Virus<br>Using Information Technology to Track and Combat a 21st Century Epidemic: Cholera<br>Information Technology-Collection, Modeling, and Surveillance of Disease Agents<br>Computer Modeling of Disease: Health Statistics and Infectious Disease<br> Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS)<br>Climate Change: Global Warming<br>The Public Health Response to Hurricane Katrina<br>The BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill<br>A Note on the Earthquake, Tsunami, and Radiation Disaster in Japan<br>The Opioid Overdose Epidemic<br>Discussion<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br>Related Websites<br><strong>4. Information Technology in Radiology<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Introduction<br>X-Rays<br>Ultrasound<br>Digital Imaging Techniques<br> Computed Tomography<br> Magnetic Resonance Imaging<br> Positron Emission Tomography<br> Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Scans<br> Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS)<br> Bone Density Tests<br>Other Imaging Technology<br>Nanotechnology<br>Computer-Aided Detection<br>Picture Archiving and Communications Systems<br>Interventional Radiology: Bloodless Surgery<br>The Dangers of Medical Radiation<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br>Related Websites<br><strong>5. Information Technology in Surgery-The Cutting Edge<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Overview<br>Computer-Assisted Surgery<br> Computer-Assisted Surgical Planning<br> Minimally Invasive Surgery<br>Computer-Assisted Surgery and Robotics<br> ROBODOC, AESOP, ZEUS, da Vinci, MINERVA, NeuroArm, and Other Robotic Devices<br> Issues in Robotic Surgery<br> Augmented Reality<br> Telepresence Surgery<br> NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operation<br>The Operating Room of the Future<br>Lasers in Surgery<br>Discussion and Future Directions<br> Nanotechnology<br>Conclusion<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br>Related Websites<br><strong>6. Information Technology in Pharmacy<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Overview<br>The Food and Drug Administration<br>Uncertified Medicines<br>Biotechnology and the Human Genome Project<br> Rational Drug Design<br> Bioinformatics<br> The Human Genome Project<br> Developments in Biotechnology<br>Computer-Assisted Drug Trials<br>Computer-Assisted Drug Review<br>The Computerized Pharmacy<br> Computers and Drug Errors<br> The Automated Community Pharmacy<br> Automating the Hospital Pharmacy<br> The Hospital Pharmacy-Robots and Barcodes<br> Point-of-Use Drug Dispensing<br> Computerized IVS and Barcodes<br> Radio Frequency Identification Tags<br>Telepharmacy<br>Drug Delivery on a Chip<br>Nanotechnology and Pharmacy<br>The Impact of Information Technology on Pharmacy<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br><strong>7. Information Technology in Dentistry<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Overview<br>Education<br>Administrative Applications<br> The Electronic Dental Chart<br>Demographics and the Transformation of Dentistry<br>Computerized Instruments in Dentistry<br>Endodontics<br>Periodontics<br>Cosmetic Dentistry<br>Diagnosis and Expert Systems<br>Diagnostic Tools<br> X-Rays<br> Digital Radiography<br> Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scanner<br> Electrical Conductance<br> Other Methods<br> Light Illumination<br>Lasers in Dentistry<br>Minimally Invasive Dentistry<br>Surgery<br>Teledentistry<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br>Related Websites<br><strong>8. Informational Resources: Computer-Assisted Instruction, Expert Systems, Health Information Online<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Overview<br>Education<br> The Visible Human Project<br> Computer-Assisted Instruction<br> Simulation Software<br> Virtual Reality Simulations<br> Patient Simulators<br> Distance Learning<br>Decision Support: Expert Systems<br>Health Information on the Internet<br> Medical Literature Databases<br> E-mail<br> Self-Help on the Web<br> Support Groups on the Web<br> Judging the Reliability of Health Information on the Internet<br>Health-Related Smartphone and Tablet Computer Apps<br>Computers and Psychiatry<br>Conclusion<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br>Related Websites<br><strong>9. Information Technology in Rehabilitative Therapies: Computerized Medical Devices, Assistive Technology, and Prosthetic Devices<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Overview<br>Computerized Medical Instruments and Devices<br> Computerized Devices in Optometry/Ophthalmology<br>Assistive Devices<br> Augmentative Communication Devices<br> Electronic Aids to Daily Living<br>Prosthetic Devices<br>Computerized Functional Electrical Stimulation Technology<br>Risks Posed by Implants<br>Computers in Rehabilitative Therapies<br>Conclusion<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br>Related Websites<br><strong>10. Security and Privacy in an Electronic Age<br></strong>Chapter Outline<br>Learning Objectives<br>Security and Privacy-An Overview<br>Threats to Information Technology<br> Computer Technology and Crime<br> Security<br>Privacy<br> Databases<br> Government Databases<br> Private Databases<br> Databases and the Internet<br>Privacy, Security, and Health Care<br> Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) and HITECH<br> Privacy of Medical Records Under HIPAA, HITECH, and the USA Patriot Act<br> Telemedicine and Privacy<br> E-mail and Privacy<br> Privacy and Genetic Information<br> Privacy and Electronic Health Records<br><strong>In the News<br></strong>Chapter Summary<br>Key Terms<br>Review Exercises<br>Notes<br>Additional Resources<br>Related Websites</p>